米国映画芸術科学アカデミーの新規約

米国映画芸術科学アカデミー(Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences)が2000年6月15日に発表した、2001年の第73回アカデミー賞から、劇場での上映前に作品をインターネットを通じて公開した場合、すべての応募分野で受賞資格外とする新規約は、保守的な考えこそ権威とも取れる考えとして、衝撃と共に話題になった。ちなみに、アカデミー賞の規約には、ロサンゼルス地区の劇場で公開する前に、テレビやホームビデオで放映された場合は受賞の対象にしないとする規約がある。つまり、映画はテレビ、ビデオ、インターネットとは融合しないで、公開する場所まで規定されていることになり、ドキュメント映像も対象にはならないことになる。また、話題の「Mission: Imp」「Frying Private Fryan」も受賞資格外になった。LAEDC(the Los Angeles County Economic Development Corp.)が2005年11月29日に公開したレポート「Film Industry Profile of California/Los Angeles County」について、LAEDC Film Studyは2006年の経済見通しはカーテンが閉められ、先が見えないと報告したことから、ロイターは2005年11月30日に、LAEDCが公開したレポートで、DVDの売り上げが減退し、ローカル映画とテレビ制作も損失を計上し、ハリウッドで働く人は差し迫った不安に衰退していると報告した。詳細情報はURL(http://www.laedc.org/data/press/LAEDC_11-29-05_film.pdf)または、URL(http://today.reuters.com/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=technologyNews&storyID=2005-11-29T225209Z_01_ARM979288_RTRUKOC_0_US-STUDIOS.xml&archived=False)で知ることができる。

Past Press June 15, 2000
Releases FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
CONTACT: John Pavlik - (310) 247-3000
Academy Board Modifies Rules for 73rd Awards

Beverly Hills, CA - A film cannot appear on the internet before its theatrical release and be eligible for an Oscar, the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences decreed Tuesday night (6/13).
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The Academy board decided that, like a television broadcast, an internet transmission disqualifies a film if the transmission occurs before the film's Los Angeles County qualifying run, and so specified in the general rule for eligibility for the 73rd Annual Academy Awards, as well as in the special rules for the documentary awards.

The rulings emphasized the organization's longstanding principle that its province is theatrical motion pictures as distinct from pictures experienced as lone viewing.

Rule Two, the eligibility rule, states that ''films which receive their first public exhibition or distribution in any manner other than as a theatrical motion picture release will not be eligible for Academy Awards in any category.'' The rule then contains a parenthetical sentence that will now read: ''(This includes broadcast and cable television, as well as home video marketing and internet transmission.)''

''The Board just wants to make it crystal clear,'' said Academy Executive Director Bruce Davis, ''so that in the rush to embrace new technologies, a legitimate theatrical motion picture doesn't inadvertently jeopardize its eligibility.''

Other significant changes in the rules for this year's achievements include new names for two existing awards, new advertising restrictions in the documentary categories and a less restrictive rule on subsequent-year eligibility for films submitted in the Foreign Language Film category.

The name changes were approved in the music and sound categories.

* The Music Branch recommended changing the title of its third category from ''Original Song Score'' to ''Original Musical,'' and it clarified the definition of the category.

An Original Musical consists of not fewer than five original songs by the same writer or team of writers, either used as voice-overs or visually performed. Each of the songs must be ''substantively rendered, clearly audible, intelligible and must further the storyline.'' An arbitrary group of songs unessential to the storyline of the film is not eligible.

* The Sound Branch recommended deleting the word ''effects'' from the Sound Effects Editing Award, which will now be the Sound Editing Award.

The person eligible for the Sound Editing Award will remain the principal Supervising Sound Editor. The branch, however, tightened up the definition of the amount of involvement in and responsibility for the sound design of a film that will be needed to qualify a supervising sound editor for eligibility.

* In the Documentary categories a new rule prohibits a film which is included in the second-round competition from advertising or publicizing itself as an ''Academy Award finalist,'' an ''Academy Award Short-list Film,'' or anything similar.

* New wording in the Foreign Language Film category will allow a foreign language film which is submitted, but is not nominated, to be eligible the following year in other categories if it opens in Los Angeles County that year and qualifies for those other categories. In the past, such films had not been eligible.

* In the Short Films categories, formats requiring special technical presentation, such as IMAX, Iwerks, Showscan, etc., will be considered in their original formats if made available for Academy voting screenings in Los Angeles County. Previously, reduction prints that could be shown in the Academy's theater had to be submitted.

* Other modifications of the rules include normal date changes and some further reordering and renumbering of existing rules, Davis said.

The official 73rd Annual Academy Award Rules booklet will be ready for distribution to Academy members during the first week of August, he added.

Academy Award Rules are reviewed annually by branch and category committees, and submitted to the Awards Rules Committee, which then reviews all proposed changes and presents its recommendations to the Board of Governors.

Academy Award nominations for the year 2000 will be announced at 5:30 a.m. on Tuesday, February 13, 2001, at the Academy. The 73rd Annual Academy Awards Presentation will be telecast live from the Los Angeles Shrine Auditorium by the ABC Television Network at 5:30 p.m., PST, on Sunday, March
25, 2001.

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